HN is hosted by ycombinator, a VC, and represents only a tiny fraction of the IT industry. Its mainly the silicon valley startup side of things. So you can expect a motley crew of ai and crypto bros, musk fanboys and JavaScript prophets.
The articles and especially the comments there might lead you to belief that in software development there isn’t anything outside of Cloud-native Web Applications. For example, two of the most popular programming languages that are currently used are Java and C#. Yet you wont find much discussion about them on HN because it is presumably unfashionable to use these languages in a startup.
This extends to most topics from operating systems to open source programs. Largely hype based discussion around new and shiny things.
There is also a very strong libertarian bias on HN. Look at the comments of any article that relates to a EU regulation like the DMA, CRA or GDPR and you will see what I mean. Its mostly libertarian pearl clutching and not much actual discussion.
Its hard to give you something concrete. The topics you gave as examples are vast. For my own purposes I add feeds to my rss reader based on what I come across by reading other articles in my reader.
Maybe checkout some communities about the topics you are interested. Lemmy has for example a large and enthusiastic Linux community. Brodie Robertson also covers a lot of different Linux topics. You can also take a look at recordings of developer conferences. The people that give talks often write a blog as well.