really helps for that antenna to be on the 2nd floor, in a window, with clear view unobstructed by aluminum siding.

It’s on a roof already and quite capable of receiving signal, we just haven’t used OTA broadcasts for a while as IPTV used to work good enough. So no problems with the antenna, I’m just wondering what I should plug in to that.

Hardware is too wide to tell anything useful out of the blue, depends on what you can get your hands on (as in what’s available locally) and what you actually want to run. Used corporate desktop might be fine, raspberry pi might be good too, mini-pcs are popular and so on. All have their pros and cons.

For the OS proxmox is a solid choise. It has both containers and ‘full’ virtual machines as an option. Debian is good too.

And for the utilities, build something you actually want to use. Pihole is pretty nice. Gaming severs are good to practise with if you’re into that stuff. But if you just build stuff for the sake of it you’ll of course learn on the way but it leaves very little to actually enjoy on what you’ve built.

I really like my immich and nextcloud servers and they’re well worth my time to keep up and running. But with those there’s additional challenge to keep them backed up. Losing pihole server wouldn’t be that bad, it’s easy enough to rebuild, but losing a terabyte of photos is a bit another thing.

It was the idea. Law only states that data has to remain in EU, so Microsoft servers in Ireland is enough to fulfil that requirement. They still have exceptions on their TOS that they can move that data to where ever they want if there’s a ‘technical need’ or whatever and there’s exceptions on EU laws (or maybe it was a separate agreement) which spesifically permits this. And USA can still get any data as they have leverage over the ‘main’ company, so Microsoft and others just bend the knee and give whatever is requested, no matter where the data is physically stored.

And now as all kinds of as-a-service -platforms, AI solutions very much included, are apparently the best thing since sliced bread, everyone just jumps on the bandwagon and don’t really worry about hanging themselves with a single provider nor it’s country of origin.

Me too.

That’s been going on for a while already. Stellantis was founded only a few years ago and they already have a ton of different brands in their pockets. Obviously PSA and FCA already had a ton of those brands before merging, but similar merges have been happening for decades, for example GM has been gathering different brands since 1920s.

I haven’t really paid attention on prosumer-hardware lately as my RB4011iGS+RM just keeps on working. 6 watts is really low tho, according to spec sheet my router pulls 18W 24VDC. Few links I checked from your original post however give 15W TDP, so maybe some seller is pulling numbers out of their sleeve or there’s differences between models. Either way, those are pretty damn efficient boxes.

With that celeron CPU I think they have less troughput than what I’m running, but if your internet connection isn’t several hundred megabits I don’t think that’ll be an issue. I had issues with some edgerouter, while it claimed to do full gigabit in practise it managed only up to ~700Mbps and even less than that with even slightly complicated routing.

I don’t have any direct recommendations, but I’d stay away from TP-Link and other budget brands which often promise a lot more than they can actually deliver. My switches are from HPE and they are pretty cheap second hand (or even free if you happen to stumble in a office renewal somewhere).

In most common case you can think VLANs at the firewall end like whole different physical networks. On port LAN1 you have a switch and whatever else you happen to have, on LAN2 similar setup and so on. All the networks can (and should) have their own IP range and it’s the firewall who decides what traffic is allowed, like is a machine in LAN1 allowed to talk with printer on LAN2.

Virtual LAN just bundles that all to one set of cables and network devices with the obvious benefit that you can have benefits of multiple networks for security, access control or whatever but you don’t need extra hardware for each setup. In theory it is possible to break out of VLAN separation, but in practice it’s really not something a home gamer should worry about too much.

What you need is a managed switch (or multiple if needed) so that you can assign ports to different VLANs or a combination of many VLANs in a single port, commonly known as trunk. Some unmanaged switches pass trough VLAN frames as is, but it’s not guaranteed, so safe bet is to get only managed switches.

For the firewall/router, the best option would be to either drop the ISP router totally or if possible use bridged port on it so that you can get ‘raw’ internet to your own device. You can make it work with ‘LAN’ port on your current router too, there’s just one set of port forwarding and firewall rules extra to manage before anything even hits your own network. Instead of firewall PC I’d recommend an actual router. They are often more suited to the task, are physically smaller and tend to consume less energy. Also dedicated firewall/routers are often a bit cheaper (at least less than 600$, I paid ~150€ for my router). I personally have a Mikrotik device and I like it, but there’s plenty decent ones to choose from. PC will work as well, but they tend to have more potentially failing components than dedicated routers.

But in general, at least I can’t see anything fundamentally wrong with your plan. Remember to have fun while setting it up.

Fixed headaches with my proxmox backup server. It has a SAS-controller and 4 spinning drives running backups at detached garage and the old fujitsu desktop I dug out of office dumpster pile just kept crashing. Flashed controller to IT-firmware, updated bios on motherboard and did everything else I could figure out but the system just lost the drives pretty much daily and required a hard reset. Turns out, or at least that’s my conclusion, that the PSU on the machine just didn’t have enough juice for the whole setup and that caused instability. I dug out old (2010 or so) desktop from my own pile and threw 600W PSU on the box, it’s now been stable for at least a week.

I would’ve liked to keep the fujitsu-machine as it’s in a more compact case and couple of generations newer CPU, but that thing has propietary power supply so it was easier to swap out the whole system and just move drives from one to another. So, the current setup consumes maybe a bit more electricity, but at least it’s doing what it is supposed to.

Also known as Schrödinger’s Backup.

Zfs can become painfully slow if you don’t have RAM for it. I tried to run ZFS on my old setup with 64GB RAM and with moderate amount of virtual hosts and it was nearly useless with heavier io-loads. I didn’t try to tweak settings for it, so there might be some workarounds to make it work better, I just repartitioned all the storage drives with mdadm raid5 array and lvm-thin on top of that. Zfs will work with limited memory in a sense that you don’t risk losing data because of it, but as mentioned, performance might drop significantly. Now that I have a system which has memory to run raidz2 it’s pretty damn good, but with limited hardware I would not recommend it.

LVM itself is pretty trivial to move on a another system, most modern kernels just autodetect volume groups and you can use them as any normal filesystem. If you move full, intact, mdadm array to a new system (and have necessary utils installed) it should be autodetected too, but specially with degraded array manual reassembly might be needed. I don’t know what kind of issues you’ve been getting, but in general moving both lvm and mdadm drives between systems is pretty painless. Instead of mdadm you could also run lvm-mirroring on the drives so it’ll drop one layer off from your setup and it potentially makes rebuilding the array a bit simpler on another system, but neither approach should prevent moving drives to another host.

Lvm-thin is more flexible and while it might be a slightly slower on some scenarios I’d still recommend using that. Maybe the biggest benefit you’ll get from it is an option to take snapshots from VMs. Mounting plain directories will work too, but if your storage is only used by proxmox I don’t see any point in that over LVM setup.

Well, you’re not wrong, but that would still be a catastrophe modern world hasn’t yet seen. Those millions would become refugees and absolutely overwhelm European immigration system even with mass casualties due to riots, loss of water/food/medicine and who knows what else. Current oil prices would seem pretty cheap and global economy would take a massive hit causing homelesness, bankrupts, humongous loss of crops (due to fuel and fertilizer prices) and all kinds of havoc.

Global west would suffer badly, China would become even stronger, Russia would benefit from that as well causing even more problems around Europe. Global trade with USA would practically collapse and pull USA down as well. In the global scale it doesn’t even matter that much if there’s a nuclear explosion somewhere too as results will be pretty nuclear anyways.

For whatever reason ISPs tend (at least in here) to be pretty bad at keeping their DNS services up and running and that could cause issues you’re having. Easy test is to switch your laptop DNS servers to cloudflare (1.1.1.1, 1.0.0.1) or opendns (208.67.222.222, 208.67.220.220) and see if the problem goes away. Or even faster by doing single queries from terminal, like ‘dig a google.com @1.1.1.1’.

If that helps you can change your router WAN DNS server to something than what operator offers you via DHCP. I personally use opendns servers, but cloudflare or google (8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4) are common pretty decent choices too.

Depends on what you’re looking for, but for server use even a bit older hardware is just fine. My proxmox server has Xeon 2620v3 CPU and it’s plenty for my needs. For storage I went with SAS-controller, controllers are relatively cheap and if you happen to have a friend in some IT department you might get lucky when they replace hardware. RAM is a pain in the rear, but 8GB DDR4 rdimms work still just fine (if someone is interested I have few around)

Personally I wouldn’t pay current prices for new hardware, specially if it’s for hosting. A bit older, but server rated, components give a lot more value for your money.

It seems like something so important that we’d have ironed it out, but the Constitution never explicitly laid out the terms, and it’s never been specifically answered by the Supreme Court.

I guess lots of the world have similar situations with different laws. Generally, when those are written no one really asked what if president/minister/whoever is bat shit crazy demented old guy and should the law have guardrails for that.

You can’t make a Lego drone. It’s not rigid enough.

You actually can make one mostly out of lego. Obviously not a really good one, but it can be done.

No deduplication, encryption nor support for non-linux operating systems for a start.

Not from my wife if I lose our photo collection which has been building up since we got our first digital camera 20ish years ago.

I have dynamic dns address and a handful of CNAME records on my domains pointing on that dyndns-address so I can use ‘proper’ names with my services. When my public IP changes it takes a few minutes for the records to update, but it usually happens only when my router reboots so it’s been good enough for me.

Also I use two separate dyndns providers so there’s likely at least one working DNS entry to my network.

I’ve always liked the way slashdot handles comment rating. It’s a bit complicated, so maybe that’s why it’s not adopted elsewhere, but it gives a much more fine grained options instead of just up/downvote.

ISP obviously don’t see the traffic inside your own network, regardless of the router used. But as soon as you open any kind of connection over the internet, incoming or outgoing, your ISP has to have some information about it to route the traffic. DNS over TLS doesn’t hide that your browser opens connections to servers, they can see if you use wireguard to access your services (not which ones, just in general that there’s traffic coming and going) and even if you use VPN for everything they can still see the encrypted VPN traffic and, at least technically, apply pattern recognitions on that to figure out what you’re doing. And if you use VPN then your VPN provider can do the same than your last-mile internet provider, so you’ll just move the goal by doing that.

Last-mile ISP is going to be a middleman on your network usage no matter what you use and they’ll always have at least some information about your usage patterns.