I’ve been mostly happy with Bazzite (Fedora based) but sometimes the immutability aspect can be frustrating. I might say any old distro with a regular Timeshift backup is good enough. OP already said they tried Mint, which works well with Timeshift, and I don’t know if it’s improved with it’s update frequency.
Not sure I’ve seen the same latency with installing things but I’ve also layered very little. Doing things the immutable way is definitely more challenging but I don’t mind the challenge. I think I have more fun configuring than actually using my system.